Small form-factor pluggable is the full name of SFP, a prevailing type of fiber optic transceivers in the market. The transceiver can be simply regarded as the upgraded version of the GBIC module. SFP module is the half size of GBIC, but the numbers of ports configured on the same panels are double. Because the small-factor pluggable transceiver is the same function with GBIC, SFP transceivers is also called as mini-GBIC.
By placing the CDR and electrical dispersion compensation outside the modules, SFP transceiver modules greatly compressed the size and power consumptions.
Google currently are purchasing a large amount of SFP + modules to design and produce its own Gigabit Ethernet switches to meet the needs of the data center database system.
SFP Standard
SFP transceiver is regulated by a competition the Multilateral Agreement (MSA) between the manufacturers. The SFP is designed according to GBIC interface, allowing ratio the GBIC greater port density (the motherboard edge of the number of transceivers per inch), the SFP is also known as "mini-GBICs”. Compared with this small package transceivers (SFF transceiver), which is smaller than the SFP, but the SFF is soldered to the motherboard as a pin through-hole device, but not plugged into the edge.
SFP Type
SFP transceivers have a variety of different transmission and receiving type, the user can select the appropriate transceiver for each link, to provide the optical performance can be achieved based on the available fiber type (such as a multimode fiber or single mode fiber). Optical SFP modules available are generally divided into the following categories:
10 km distance of the wavelength of 850 nm / 550 meters distance MMF (SX)
1310 nm wavelength SMF (LX)
1550 nm wavelength / 40 km distance XD
80 miles from ZX
120 km distance from the EX or EZX
DWDM
SFP transceiver also have copper interface, making the host device designed primarily for fiber optic communication can communicate through the UTP network cable. There are also WDM (CWDM) and single fiber bi-directional "(1310/1490 nm wavelength uplink / downlink), SFP. Commercial SFP transceivers can provide a rate of 4.25 G bps. Several packages of 10 Gbps transceivers are XFP, SFP+, the updated version of SFP.
2013年3月31日星期日
2013年3月26日星期二
CWDM Solutions Provided by Ingellen
CWDM technology involves the applications of CWDM products such as CWDM MUX/DEMUX, CWDM SFP, CWDM add-drop multiplexer and other related products. This article is about what is CWDM stand for, the advantages of CWDM and what devices or products needed for the CWDM solutions.
As we know, broadband has unveiled a new world for subscribers, full of advanced capabilities and faster speeds. Fiber optic connections typically require two strands of fiber - one for transmitting and one for receiving signals. But, what happens when you need to add services or customers, there are three options, 1) installing more cables, 2) increasing system bitrate to multiplex more signals or 3) wavelength division multiplexing. Obviously, the first two selections are all need more investment on the existing systems, which are all not the cost-effective ones. Only the third alternative, WDM (wavelength division multiplexing), allows using current electronics and current fibers and simply shares fibers by transmitting different channels at different color (wavelengths) of the light.
There is Coarse Wavelength Division Multiplexing and Dense Wavelength Division Multiplexing for WDM technology, Coarse Wave Division Multiplexing (CWDM) technology is the most effective solution for expanding bandwidth and has many advantages over DWDM technology in terms of system costs, set-up, maintenance, and scalability.
Coarse wavelength division multiplexing are realized by the used of CWDM modules, which combines or split up to 18 optical signals over one single fiber optic link. Each signal carried can be at a different rate and in a different format. CWDM technology uses an ITU standard 20nm spacing between the wavelengths, from 1310nm to 1610nm. CWDM is coarse wavelength multiplexing technology for city and access networks.
CWDM Modules utilize thin-film coating and micro optics package technology which is available in two main configurations: CWDM Mux/Demux modules and CWDM OADM modules. The CWDM solution we offer has the ability to multiplex up to9 (8+1) different fiber links over the same physical circuit. The operation range can reach up to120Km, depending on optical modules used.The total maximum capacity is 1.25G x 9 =11.25G.
Benefits of CWDM
Passive equipment that uses no electrical power
Much lower cost per channel than DWDM
Scalability to grow the fiber capacity as needed
With little or no increased cost
Protocol transparent
CWDM can provide connectivity for multiple Wireless Carriers using virtually any protocol to the cell tower over a single strand of fiber.
Ingellen provides CWDM module with various kinds of connectors and cable length and optional stainless tube package or standard box package and to meet your requirement. We offer 2 channel CWDM Mux/Demux, 4 channel CWDM Mux/Demux …up to 18 channel CWDM Mux/Demux modules and 1-16 channels CWDM OADM. Our CWDM modules are configured by number of channels for any customer-specify channel plan, and can be integrated with taps and detectors for a complete CWDM solution. All of these CWDM modules come with compact size, Low Insertion Loss, Bi-directional and Environmentally Independent features.
As we know, broadband has unveiled a new world for subscribers, full of advanced capabilities and faster speeds. Fiber optic connections typically require two strands of fiber - one for transmitting and one for receiving signals. But, what happens when you need to add services or customers, there are three options, 1) installing more cables, 2) increasing system bitrate to multiplex more signals or 3) wavelength division multiplexing. Obviously, the first two selections are all need more investment on the existing systems, which are all not the cost-effective ones. Only the third alternative, WDM (wavelength division multiplexing), allows using current electronics and current fibers and simply shares fibers by transmitting different channels at different color (wavelengths) of the light.
There is Coarse Wavelength Division Multiplexing and Dense Wavelength Division Multiplexing for WDM technology, Coarse Wave Division Multiplexing (CWDM) technology is the most effective solution for expanding bandwidth and has many advantages over DWDM technology in terms of system costs, set-up, maintenance, and scalability.
Coarse wavelength division multiplexing are realized by the used of CWDM modules, which combines or split up to 18 optical signals over one single fiber optic link. Each signal carried can be at a different rate and in a different format. CWDM technology uses an ITU standard 20nm spacing between the wavelengths, from 1310nm to 1610nm. CWDM is coarse wavelength multiplexing technology for city and access networks.
CWDM Modules utilize thin-film coating and micro optics package technology which is available in two main configurations: CWDM Mux/Demux modules and CWDM OADM modules. The CWDM solution we offer has the ability to multiplex up to9 (8+1) different fiber links over the same physical circuit. The operation range can reach up to120Km, depending on optical modules used.The total maximum capacity is 1.25G x 9 =11.25G.
Benefits of CWDM
Passive equipment that uses no electrical power
Much lower cost per channel than DWDM
Scalability to grow the fiber capacity as needed
With little or no increased cost
Protocol transparent
CWDM can provide connectivity for multiple Wireless Carriers using virtually any protocol to the cell tower over a single strand of fiber.
Ingellen provides CWDM module with various kinds of connectors and cable length and optional stainless tube package or standard box package and to meet your requirement. We offer 2 channel CWDM Mux/Demux, 4 channel CWDM Mux/Demux …up to 18 channel CWDM Mux/Demux modules and 1-16 channels CWDM OADM. Our CWDM modules are configured by number of channels for any customer-specify channel plan, and can be integrated with taps and detectors for a complete CWDM solution. All of these CWDM modules come with compact size, Low Insertion Loss, Bi-directional and Environmentally Independent features.
2013年3月25日星期一
Cisco Transceiver Types Offered by Ingellen
This article is mainly written to introduce types of Cisco transceivers or Cisco compatible transceivers in the market, at the beginning, let confirm everyone know what Cisco stands for.
Cisco System, Inc. or Cisco, is the world leader in fiber optic networking that transforms how people connect, communicate and collaborate. Established in 1984, it has become the major provider of Internet solutions, his equipment and software products are widely used for the computer network systems connections.
Cisco transceivers is one of the popular products in the fiber optic transmission process, so does the Cisco compatible transceiver modules because transceivers need to fully compatible with the related router or switches to work formally if they are all belongs to Cisco brand. This article will introduce you type of Cisco transceivers.
Cisco transceivers are classified by the package forms, from the earliest, there are 1x9, SFF, GBIC, SFP, X2, XENPAK, SFP+, XFP Currently, the most popular types in the applications is the later six, which are Cisco SFP, Cisco GBIC, 10G Cisco transceivers SFP+, XENPAK, XFP, and X2.
Cisco GBIC is a hot-swappable input/output device that plugs into a Gigabit Ethernet port or slot, connecting the port with the network. It adopt SC connector type, which is a progress versus the previous 1x9 and SFF.
Cisco Xenpak is with SC connector, and is one of the early developed 10Gbps fiber optic transceivers developed by Cisco, based on the Xenpak Multi-source Agreement (MSA) which was instigated by Agilent Technologies and Agere Systems.
Cisco X2 is a hot swappable products designed for 10Gbps applications. It supports a wide range of 10Gbps standards, include the 10Gbps Ethernet, OC192/STM-6 SONET/SDH, OC192 VSR and 10G Fibre Channel.
Cisco SFP+, also called Cisco SFP plus, is another 10Gigabit Ethernet transceivers, used to link the equipment to the fiber optic networks. Cisco SFP+ is currently the smallest size 10G transceivers, with much lighter weight and lower power consumptions compared with the formaer 10G X2, and Xenpak. Typical Cisco SFP+ modules includes SFP-10G-SR, SFP-10G-LR, etc.
Cisco XFP are hot swappable I/O devices to plugs in the ports or slots on the 10G ports and link these ports to optical fiber networks. It is also used for 10Gigabit Ethernet and related 10G applications. XFP MSA is a multi source agreement by various manufacturers in this industry. Typical Cisco XFP are XFP-10G-MM-SR, XFP-10GB-SR, XFP-10GB-LR, etc.
The last is Let’s see Cisco SFP transceiver, or say Cisco Gigabit Ethernet SFP, the upgraded version of GBIC transceiver, are Small Form-Factor Pluggable for Gigabit Ethernet, Fibre Channel, and several other communications. Typical Cisco optical transceiver modules are like GLC-SX-MM, the Cisco 1000Base-SX Gigabit Ethernet SFP, while for copper SFP is GLC-T, Cisco GLC-T SFP, it also can be called Cisco 1000base-T SFP, which works with Category 5 wiring for max 100 meters span, which is compliant to 1000Base-T standards for Gigabit Ethernet.
Ingellen is a leading manufacturer or supplier of Cisco GLC-T and other Cisco SFP or more Cisco compatible transceivers. We have large quality of Cisco compatible transceivers in stock and can ship them to you within 245 hours. All of our Cisco transceivers are tested strictly before shipment. And they will arrive in perfect physical and working condition at your hands. You can buy from us with the cheapest price and a lifetime warranty.
Cisco System, Inc. or Cisco, is the world leader in fiber optic networking that transforms how people connect, communicate and collaborate. Established in 1984, it has become the major provider of Internet solutions, his equipment and software products are widely used for the computer network systems connections.
Cisco transceivers is one of the popular products in the fiber optic transmission process, so does the Cisco compatible transceiver modules because transceivers need to fully compatible with the related router or switches to work formally if they are all belongs to Cisco brand. This article will introduce you type of Cisco transceivers.
Cisco transceivers are classified by the package forms, from the earliest, there are 1x9, SFF, GBIC, SFP, X2, XENPAK, SFP+, XFP Currently, the most popular types in the applications is the later six, which are Cisco SFP, Cisco GBIC, 10G Cisco transceivers SFP+, XENPAK, XFP, and X2.
Cisco GBIC is a hot-swappable input/output device that plugs into a Gigabit Ethernet port or slot, connecting the port with the network. It adopt SC connector type, which is a progress versus the previous 1x9 and SFF.
Cisco Xenpak is with SC connector, and is one of the early developed 10Gbps fiber optic transceivers developed by Cisco, based on the Xenpak Multi-source Agreement (MSA) which was instigated by Agilent Technologies and Agere Systems.
Cisco X2 is a hot swappable products designed for 10Gbps applications. It supports a wide range of 10Gbps standards, include the 10Gbps Ethernet, OC192/STM-6 SONET/SDH, OC192 VSR and 10G Fibre Channel.
Cisco SFP+, also called Cisco SFP plus, is another 10Gigabit Ethernet transceivers, used to link the equipment to the fiber optic networks. Cisco SFP+ is currently the smallest size 10G transceivers, with much lighter weight and lower power consumptions compared with the formaer 10G X2, and Xenpak. Typical Cisco SFP+ modules includes SFP-10G-SR, SFP-10G-LR, etc.
Cisco XFP are hot swappable I/O devices to plugs in the ports or slots on the 10G ports and link these ports to optical fiber networks. It is also used for 10Gigabit Ethernet and related 10G applications. XFP MSA is a multi source agreement by various manufacturers in this industry. Typical Cisco XFP are XFP-10G-MM-SR, XFP-10GB-SR, XFP-10GB-LR, etc.
The last is Let’s see Cisco SFP transceiver, or say Cisco Gigabit Ethernet SFP, the upgraded version of GBIC transceiver, are Small Form-Factor Pluggable for Gigabit Ethernet, Fibre Channel, and several other communications. Typical Cisco optical transceiver modules are like GLC-SX-MM, the Cisco 1000Base-SX Gigabit Ethernet SFP, while for copper SFP is GLC-T, Cisco GLC-T SFP, it also can be called Cisco 1000base-T SFP, which works with Category 5 wiring for max 100 meters span, which is compliant to 1000Base-T standards for Gigabit Ethernet.
Ingellen is a leading manufacturer or supplier of Cisco GLC-T and other Cisco SFP or more Cisco compatible transceivers. We have large quality of Cisco compatible transceivers in stock and can ship them to you within 245 hours. All of our Cisco transceivers are tested strictly before shipment. And they will arrive in perfect physical and working condition at your hands. You can buy from us with the cheapest price and a lifetime warranty.
2013年3月24日星期日
The Optical Splitters for FTTX Applications
A fiber splitter is a very important passive component that used in the optical network system to achieve the optical signals' coupling, branching, and distributing, just the same with the coacial cable transmission system does. An optical splitter is fiber optical tandem device with multiple import or output terminals. Generally we often use M x N to indicate a splitter with M import and N output numbers. The optical splitters that used in the CATV system, are generally 1 x 2, 1 x 3 or the 1 x N fiber splitters that composed by them.
Fiber optic splitter is the passive components for FTTH PON (passive optical network). Gigabit Ethernet Passive Optical Network (GPON) splitters play an important role in Fiber to the Home (FTTH) networks by allowing a single PON network interface to be shared among many subscribers. Networks implementing BPON, GPON, EPON, 10G EPON, and 10G GPON technologies all use these simple optical splitters.
Every passive optical network, no matter GPON, EPON systems are comprised by the Optical Line Termination (OLT), the Optical Network Unit (ONU) and Optical Distribution Network (ODN). The ODN is the most important component is the FTTx systems which is the physical channel of the optical transmission between the OLT and ONU. It is composed by fiber optic cables, optical connectors, and most importantly, the fiber splitters as well as ancillary equipment connecting these devices.
There are two basic splitter technologies for the passive optical network: Fused Biconical Taper (FBT) and Planar Lightwave Circuit (PLC), which correspond with to types of fiber splitters, FBT splitter, also know as FBT coupler, and PLC splitter. Fused Biconical Taper is the older technology and generally introduces more loss than the newer PLC splitters.
The PLC Splitter contains no electronics and use no power. Both PLC and FBT splitters are used in PON networks. A PON network may be designed with a single optical splitter, or it can have two or more splitters cascaded together. Since each optical connection will add the optical attenuation, a single splitter is superior to multiple cascaded splitters. One net additional coupling (and source of attenuation) is introduced in connecting two splitters together.
With the accessing network construction boom and the increasing subscribers trend in the market. PLC splitter will no double to become the main force in the market, the PLC optical splitters has the features of digitization, networking, broadband, miniaturization and easy maintenance, etc.
Fiber optic splitter is the passive components for FTTH PON (passive optical network). Gigabit Ethernet Passive Optical Network (GPON) splitters play an important role in Fiber to the Home (FTTH) networks by allowing a single PON network interface to be shared among many subscribers. Networks implementing BPON, GPON, EPON, 10G EPON, and 10G GPON technologies all use these simple optical splitters.
Every passive optical network, no matter GPON, EPON systems are comprised by the Optical Line Termination (OLT), the Optical Network Unit (ONU) and Optical Distribution Network (ODN). The ODN is the most important component is the FTTx systems which is the physical channel of the optical transmission between the OLT and ONU. It is composed by fiber optic cables, optical connectors, and most importantly, the fiber splitters as well as ancillary equipment connecting these devices.
There are two basic splitter technologies for the passive optical network: Fused Biconical Taper (FBT) and Planar Lightwave Circuit (PLC), which correspond with to types of fiber splitters, FBT splitter, also know as FBT coupler, and PLC splitter. Fused Biconical Taper is the older technology and generally introduces more loss than the newer PLC splitters.
The PLC Splitter contains no electronics and use no power. Both PLC and FBT splitters are used in PON networks. A PON network may be designed with a single optical splitter, or it can have two or more splitters cascaded together. Since each optical connection will add the optical attenuation, a single splitter is superior to multiple cascaded splitters. One net additional coupling (and source of attenuation) is introduced in connecting two splitters together.
With the accessing network construction boom and the increasing subscribers trend in the market. PLC splitter will no double to become the main force in the market, the PLC optical splitters has the features of digitization, networking, broadband, miniaturization and easy maintenance, etc.
2013年3月21日星期四
10G SFP+ Transceivers Introduction
10G SFP+ transceiver is one of Gigabit Ethernet fiber optic transceiver modules which are closely related with XFP, X2, Xenpak optical modules. SFP+ transceivers are mainly applied for Gigabit optical networking formation, with transmission rate of 300m, 10km, 40km, 80km. The connection type of SFP+ modules are dual-port LC.
SFP+ optical transceiver module is a new generation of Gigabit optical transceiver, it comply with the ANSI T11 protocol to meet the 8.5G fiber channel and Ethernet 10G applications. Compared with the earlier XFP optical transceiver, its appearance size has reduced about 30%, just is the same sized of the ordinary 1-4G SFP optical modules. SFP+ transceivers only retain the basic elecro-optic photoelectric conversion function, which has reduced the design of the original XFP SerDes, CDR, EDC, MAC, conversion function, thus simplifying the design of 1 0G optical transceiver module, as well as the power consumption. SFP plus optical transceiver has the obvious advantages such as higher-density, lower power consumption and lower system construction cost and other significant features. The 10G SFP+ transceivers are widely used in Gigabit Ethernet fiber-optic data communications, and it has becomes the mainstream among the Gigabit modules.
SFP+ VS X2, XFP, Xenpak
They are all belong to 10Gigabit optical transceivers. SFP+ are more compact than X2 and XFP. Besides, SFP+ has a strong compatibility which can be interconnect and work together with other 10G XFP, X2, Xenpak optic transceivers. As to the price, the SFP+ has more advantages than other 10G transceivers.
SFP+ is similar with the SFP from the appearance, and they are all with LC connectors, but they are also different from each other: The transmission rata of them are different, SFP+ is 10Gbp/s optical modules, while SFP is generally 1.25G, 155M, 2.5G and other rate.
SFP-10G-SR is a typical Cisco compatible SFP+ transceivers which is hot swappable fiber transceiver module with 850nm VCSEL transmitter and PIN photo detector, The SFP-10G-SR fiber optic
transceiver features low power consumption and it support multi-rate from 2G fiber channel to 10G Ethernet. Ingellen Technology Co., Ltd is a professional fiber optic transceiver OEM manufacture that provides the full range of 10G SFP+ transceivers and many compatible 10G transceivers for the market major brands including Cisco, HP, Finisar. The Cisco SFP-10G-SR modules are right one of the hot Cisco SFP+ transceivers that we recommend.
SFP+ optical transceiver module is a new generation of Gigabit optical transceiver, it comply with the ANSI T11 protocol to meet the 8.5G fiber channel and Ethernet 10G applications. Compared with the earlier XFP optical transceiver, its appearance size has reduced about 30%, just is the same sized of the ordinary 1-4G SFP optical modules. SFP+ transceivers only retain the basic elecro-optic photoelectric conversion function, which has reduced the design of the original XFP SerDes, CDR, EDC, MAC, conversion function, thus simplifying the design of 1 0G optical transceiver module, as well as the power consumption. SFP plus optical transceiver has the obvious advantages such as higher-density, lower power consumption and lower system construction cost and other significant features. The 10G SFP+ transceivers are widely used in Gigabit Ethernet fiber-optic data communications, and it has becomes the mainstream among the Gigabit modules.
SFP+ VS X2, XFP, Xenpak
They are all belong to 10Gigabit optical transceivers. SFP+ are more compact than X2 and XFP. Besides, SFP+ has a strong compatibility which can be interconnect and work together with other 10G XFP, X2, Xenpak optic transceivers. As to the price, the SFP+ has more advantages than other 10G transceivers.
SFP+ is similar with the SFP from the appearance, and they are all with LC connectors, but they are also different from each other: The transmission rata of them are different, SFP+ is 10Gbp/s optical modules, while SFP is generally 1.25G, 155M, 2.5G and other rate.
SFP-10G-SR is a typical Cisco compatible SFP+ transceivers which is hot swappable fiber transceiver module with 850nm VCSEL transmitter and PIN photo detector, The SFP-10G-SR fiber optic
transceiver features low power consumption and it support multi-rate from 2G fiber channel to 10G Ethernet. Ingellen Technology Co., Ltd is a professional fiber optic transceiver OEM manufacture that provides the full range of 10G SFP+ transceivers and many compatible 10G transceivers for the market major brands including Cisco, HP, Finisar. The Cisco SFP-10G-SR modules are right one of the hot Cisco SFP+ transceivers that we recommend.
2013年3月20日星期三
The DDM Function of Fiber Optic Modules
When using SFP transceiver modules, you will often need to know it is with DDM (digital diagnostics monitoring) functions or not, many peoples don’t know well about this term, this article will introduce three roles that DDM plays. DDM gives the end user the ability to monitor real-time parameters of the SFP, such as optical output power, optical input power, temperature, laser bias current, and transceiver supply voltage.
Optical module life prediction
DDM allows network managers to find potential link failures before system performance is affected. Failure notice, the system administrator can switch the business to a backup link or replace the suspicious device, so as to repair the system in the case of uninterrupted business.
Through real-time monitoring of the internal operating voltage and temperature of the transceiver module allows the system administrator to find some potential problems:
Vcc voltage is too high, will bring about the breakdown of CMOS devices; Vcc voltage is too low, the laser does not work properly.
Received power is too high, damage to the receiving module.
Operating temperature is too high, will accelerate the aging of the device.
In addition, the monitoring of the received optical power, can monitor the performance of the lines and the remote transmitter.
Fault Locator
In optical link, locating the fault occurred fast loading of business is essential. ault isolation characteristics allows system administrators to quickly locate the position of a link failure. This feature can locate the fault in module on the line; locally module or modules in the remote. Quickly locate the fault, reducing the time to repair the system.
Compatibility verification
Another function of DDM is to verify the modules compatibility. Compatibility verification is the analysis of the modules work environment to meet the data sheet or compatibility and related standards. The performance of the module only in this compatibility work environment can be guaranteed. In some cases, due to environmental parameters beyond the data sheet or standard, will cause the module performance degradation, thereby result in the transmission error.
Environment like below is not compatible with the modules:
Voltage exceed the specified range
The received optical power is overload or lower than the receiver sensitivity.
Temperature is beyond the standard operating temperature range.
Ingellen Technology, as one of major fiber optic transceiver OEM manufacturers in China, provides a full range of SFP transceivers with or without DDM functions. Besides, you can also wholesale Cisco transceivers which are with 100% compatibilities to all you Cisco equipments. We provide high quality compatible transceivers for Cisco, HP, 3Com, Juniper, Foundry, etc.
Optical module life prediction
DDM allows network managers to find potential link failures before system performance is affected. Failure notice, the system administrator can switch the business to a backup link or replace the suspicious device, so as to repair the system in the case of uninterrupted business.
Through real-time monitoring of the internal operating voltage and temperature of the transceiver module allows the system administrator to find some potential problems:
Vcc voltage is too high, will bring about the breakdown of CMOS devices; Vcc voltage is too low, the laser does not work properly.
Received power is too high, damage to the receiving module.
Operating temperature is too high, will accelerate the aging of the device.
In addition, the monitoring of the received optical power, can monitor the performance of the lines and the remote transmitter.
Fault Locator
In optical link, locating the fault occurred fast loading of business is essential. ault isolation characteristics allows system administrators to quickly locate the position of a link failure. This feature can locate the fault in module on the line; locally module or modules in the remote. Quickly locate the fault, reducing the time to repair the system.
Compatibility verification
Another function of DDM is to verify the modules compatibility. Compatibility verification is the analysis of the modules work environment to meet the data sheet or compatibility and related standards. The performance of the module only in this compatibility work environment can be guaranteed. In some cases, due to environmental parameters beyond the data sheet or standard, will cause the module performance degradation, thereby result in the transmission error.
Environment like below is not compatible with the modules:
Voltage exceed the specified range
The received optical power is overload or lower than the receiver sensitivity.
Temperature is beyond the standard operating temperature range.
Ingellen Technology, as one of major fiber optic transceiver OEM manufacturers in China, provides a full range of SFP transceivers with or without DDM functions. Besides, you can also wholesale Cisco transceivers which are with 100% compatibilities to all you Cisco equipments. We provide high quality compatible transceivers for Cisco, HP, 3Com, Juniper, Foundry, etc.
What is Fiber Terminal Box?
Fiber optic termination box refers to a box shape for fiber optic cable management solutions. They are used to fixed the optical cable terminals, cable and pigtail fusion and splicing, and protect or distributer the optical fiber links in FTTH networks. Fiber terminal box is similar with cross connect cabinet, but the role is different. Cross connect cabinet is to connect tow fiber cables, while the terminal box is used to connect the fiber cable terminal with the pigtails with a protective effect. Usually the fiber optic boxes include the optical distribution frame and fiber optic terminal box. In general, fiber terminal box is for a few closed cores, and the open type is called ODF (optical distribution frame). Fiber termination boxes can be with 12 cores or 24 cores.
Cross connect cabinet and Fiber terminal box comparation
Fiber optic termination box is used to connect the two sections of fiber optic cable. The termination box is the access to the place of the ends of the cable, and then connect to the optical switches via the fiber patch cables. Therefore, the terminal box is usually installed on a 19-inch rack, and can accommodate a number of cable ends. In practical work, roles of cross connect cabinet and fiber termination boxes are different, cross connect cabinets are divided into fiber cable cross connect cabinet and copper cross connect cabinet, which are used when front cable premising, while fiber termination boxes are used for protecting the cable terminal from external damages. Optical distribution frame can also be divided into fiber optic patch panels and copper patch panels, they are the same role with cross connect cabinet, but they are used indoor of carriers'data center.
Fiber optic cable terminal box is generally suitable for indoor or none open-air outdoor use. Applications of fiber termination boxes is universal, they are widely used in telephone, agricultural telephone network system, data and image transmission system, CATV cable television series, indoor cable through force access and branch connection, played the role of the pigtail disk storage and protection of joint. Ingellen, among some Chinese most popular fiber termination box manufacturers, provides a full range of typical fiber terminal box (FTB) with 12 ports or 24 ports. The fiber optic boxes are made of cold rolling steel and the surface of the box use the technique of dim blowing plastic. This type fiber optic box is typically installed with FC, SC, ST or LC adapters on the patch panel. This fiber terminal box could be installed on the wall or put in horizontal line.
Cross connect cabinet and Fiber terminal box comparation
Fiber optic termination box is used to connect the two sections of fiber optic cable. The termination box is the access to the place of the ends of the cable, and then connect to the optical switches via the fiber patch cables. Therefore, the terminal box is usually installed on a 19-inch rack, and can accommodate a number of cable ends. In practical work, roles of cross connect cabinet and fiber termination boxes are different, cross connect cabinets are divided into fiber cable cross connect cabinet and copper cross connect cabinet, which are used when front cable premising, while fiber termination boxes are used for protecting the cable terminal from external damages. Optical distribution frame can also be divided into fiber optic patch panels and copper patch panels, they are the same role with cross connect cabinet, but they are used indoor of carriers'data center.
Fiber optic cable terminal box is generally suitable for indoor or none open-air outdoor use. Applications of fiber termination boxes is universal, they are widely used in telephone, agricultural telephone network system, data and image transmission system, CATV cable television series, indoor cable through force access and branch connection, played the role of the pigtail disk storage and protection of joint. Ingellen, among some Chinese most popular fiber termination box manufacturers, provides a full range of typical fiber terminal box (FTB) with 12 ports or 24 ports. The fiber optic boxes are made of cold rolling steel and the surface of the box use the technique of dim blowing plastic. This type fiber optic box is typically installed with FC, SC, ST or LC adapters on the patch panel. This fiber terminal box could be installed on the wall or put in horizontal line.
2013年3月19日星期二
Life of the Fiber Optic Patch Cable and Fiber Optic Transceiver
This is an article introducing tow of the important fiber optic equipments, fiber patch cable and optical transceiver.
As the staff working for fiber optic telecommunication project, you must be very interested in the working life of fiber optic patch cable and optical transceiver. In the next text, I will introduce their working lifetime for you.
Fiber patch cable, or fiber jumper is the most used fiber optic cable plant equipments in the modern communications industry. Due to its long connection distance, low inset loss, good reproducibility and less return loss. It is able to support multiple devices work with features of interfix performance, not heat, good temperature stability. Fiber jumpers apply to cable networks, telecommunications networks, computer fiber optic network and optical test equipment.
Due to maintenance needs of transferring fiber optic jumper and normal testing, fiber optic connectors is always to be plugged. This makes the plug life the maximum pluggable times. This leads. This problem is proposed based on the premise that: fiber optic connectors, under normal working conditions, by the provisions of the number of mating, each component mechanical damage, the additional loss does not exceed the limit value (usually the limit of the provisions of 0.2 dB). The optical connector plug life is generally determined by the mechanical wear of the components. Optical fiber connector plug life can generally achieve greater than l000, the additional loss does not exceed 0.2dB. To the optical connector using slotted ceramic coupling sleeve, since the ceramic material is present to crack growth, the static fatigue will cause the sleeve to rupture. According to the information, the unscreened such sleeve, 20-year probability of rupture are 10-4. If the screening test force increase 2.6 times, then in 20 years will not rupture.
Fiber optic transceiver, as one of the important optical fiber transmission equipments, the working lifetime are closely related with the optical modules insides. The average service life is about five years. The long-term use of fiber optic transceivers, after five years, the main device, optical module, will not working properly because of the loss is too large and the laser damage.
As the staff working for fiber optic telecommunication project, you must be very interested in the working life of fiber optic patch cable and optical transceiver. In the next text, I will introduce their working lifetime for you.
Fiber patch cable, or fiber jumper is the most used fiber optic cable plant equipments in the modern communications industry. Due to its long connection distance, low inset loss, good reproducibility and less return loss. It is able to support multiple devices work with features of interfix performance, not heat, good temperature stability. Fiber jumpers apply to cable networks, telecommunications networks, computer fiber optic network and optical test equipment.
Due to maintenance needs of transferring fiber optic jumper and normal testing, fiber optic connectors is always to be plugged. This makes the plug life the maximum pluggable times. This leads. This problem is proposed based on the premise that: fiber optic connectors, under normal working conditions, by the provisions of the number of mating, each component mechanical damage, the additional loss does not exceed the limit value (usually the limit of the provisions of 0.2 dB). The optical connector plug life is generally determined by the mechanical wear of the components. Optical fiber connector plug life can generally achieve greater than l000, the additional loss does not exceed 0.2dB. To the optical connector using slotted ceramic coupling sleeve, since the ceramic material is present to crack growth, the static fatigue will cause the sleeve to rupture. According to the information, the unscreened such sleeve, 20-year probability of rupture are 10-4. If the screening test force increase 2.6 times, then in 20 years will not rupture.
Fiber optic transceiver, as one of the important optical fiber transmission equipments, the working lifetime are closely related with the optical modules insides. The average service life is about five years. The long-term use of fiber optic transceivers, after five years, the main device, optical module, will not working properly because of the loss is too large and the laser damage.
2013年3月18日星期一
How to Identify the Authenticity of Cisco GLC-SX-MM
GLC-SX-MM is a Cisco 1.25G, Gigabit multimode fiber optic module, which is available for multi-mode fiber optic cables with transmission distance up to 550m, It is also the industry standard Cisco 1000Base-SX Gigabit Ethernet SFP, Currently on the market there are many non-genuine, the following text will tell you how to identify true and false Cisco GLC SX MM modules.
In the network industry, Cisco (Cisco System Inc.) Can be described as no one know, no one knows all. With its IOS (Internet Operating System), Cisco in absolute leading position in the multi-protocol router on the market. Currently, the Internet, nearly 80% of the router are from Cisco. In fact, In addition to the flagship product of the router, Cisco has a full range of network devices, including hubs, switches, access servers, software and hardware firewall, network management software and so on. Cisco paid great attention to the track of the new technology, through a series of cooperation and mergers, Cisco successfully involved in broadband access, wireless communications and other emerging markets. This paper describes the Distinguish methods for Cisco switch components such as the transceiver modules. Take Cisco Cisco 1000Base-SX SF, GLC-SX-MM for example, below is the shot description and specifications about it:
GLC-SX-MM is specifically Cisco 1000Base-SX Gigabit Ethernet SFP transceiver module, the interface converter of which is a hot-swappable input/output device that plugs into a Gigabit Ethernet port or slot, linking the port with the network.
Original Cisco GLC-SX-MM
Features:
Manufacturer: Cisco Systems, Inc
Manufacturer Part Number: GLC-SX-MM= (30-1301-02)
Manufacturer Website Address: www.cisco.com
Product Type: SFP
Interfaces/Ports: 1 x 1000Base-SX
Interfaces/Ports Details: 1 x LC Duplex Connector 1000Base-SX
Dimensions: 0.33" Height x 0.53" Width x 2.22" Depth
Compatible GLC-SX-MM
Except for the original GLC-SX-MM module, many qualified fiber optic transceiver manufacturers producing the compatible GLC-SX-MM which will work well with all Cisco equipments just as the original ones, but the price is much more cheaper, and also widely accepted by customers. Cisco GLC-SX-MM Compatible 1000BASE-SX SFP 850nm module, GE SFP, LC connector SX transceiver, features are as below:
Up to 1.25Gb/s bi-directional data links
Duplex LC Connectors
Hot-pluggable SFP footprint
Built-in digital diagnostic functions
850nm VCSEL laser transmitter
Up to 550m on 50/125μm MMF
Metal enclosure for lower EMI
Single 3.3V power supply
Low power dissipation <700mW typical
Both original and compatible GLC-SX-MM SFP transceivers are high performance modules that support a data-rate of 1.25Gbps and can transmit data up to 550m over multi-mode fiber. Their applications are:
Gigabit Ethernet between switches, from switches to Wireless LAN Controllers, between switches and firewalls.
Fiber Channel – Connecting servers to NAS or SAN devices.
The original GLC-SX-MM is either manufactured by Cisco itself or its worldwide fondries. The modules will often indicated the origin countries such as China, Malaysia and so on. If there isn’t, it will be the fake. SFP transceivers can be divided into two kinds, single-mode module and multimode ones, physical state is the same with different models on the logo. GLC-LH-SM is single mode, GLC-SX-MM is multimode, for example, see this model, GLC-LH-SM =, "=" means it is the separately purchad accessory to procurement. The general price is currently quoted at $ 1495 and $ 750 in U.S. sales, in China mainland it is around 2000 to 4000 RMB. Currently, modules after the year of 2010 is mostly the new products with different size, shape as well as the shape.
Source: cisco 1000base-sx gigabit ethernet sfp
In the network industry, Cisco (Cisco System Inc.) Can be described as no one know, no one knows all. With its IOS (Internet Operating System), Cisco in absolute leading position in the multi-protocol router on the market. Currently, the Internet, nearly 80% of the router are from Cisco. In fact, In addition to the flagship product of the router, Cisco has a full range of network devices, including hubs, switches, access servers, software and hardware firewall, network management software and so on. Cisco paid great attention to the track of the new technology, through a series of cooperation and mergers, Cisco successfully involved in broadband access, wireless communications and other emerging markets. This paper describes the Distinguish methods for Cisco switch components such as the transceiver modules. Take Cisco Cisco 1000Base-SX SF, GLC-SX-MM for example, below is the shot description and specifications about it:
GLC-SX-MM is specifically Cisco 1000Base-SX Gigabit Ethernet SFP transceiver module, the interface converter of which is a hot-swappable input/output device that plugs into a Gigabit Ethernet port or slot, linking the port with the network.
Original Cisco GLC-SX-MM
Features:
Manufacturer: Cisco Systems, Inc
Manufacturer Part Number: GLC-SX-MM= (30-1301-02)
Manufacturer Website Address: www.cisco.com
Product Type: SFP
Interfaces/Ports: 1 x 1000Base-SX
Interfaces/Ports Details: 1 x LC Duplex Connector 1000Base-SX
Dimensions: 0.33" Height x 0.53" Width x 2.22" Depth
Compatible GLC-SX-MM
Except for the original GLC-SX-MM module, many qualified fiber optic transceiver manufacturers producing the compatible GLC-SX-MM which will work well with all Cisco equipments just as the original ones, but the price is much more cheaper, and also widely accepted by customers. Cisco GLC-SX-MM Compatible 1000BASE-SX SFP 850nm module, GE SFP, LC connector SX transceiver, features are as below:
Up to 1.25Gb/s bi-directional data links
Duplex LC Connectors
Hot-pluggable SFP footprint
Built-in digital diagnostic functions
850nm VCSEL laser transmitter
Up to 550m on 50/125μm MMF
Metal enclosure for lower EMI
Single 3.3V power supply
Low power dissipation <700mW typical
Both original and compatible GLC-SX-MM SFP transceivers are high performance modules that support a data-rate of 1.25Gbps and can transmit data up to 550m over multi-mode fiber. Their applications are:
Gigabit Ethernet between switches, from switches to Wireless LAN Controllers, between switches and firewalls.
Fiber Channel – Connecting servers to NAS or SAN devices.
The original GLC-SX-MM is either manufactured by Cisco itself or its worldwide fondries. The modules will often indicated the origin countries such as China, Malaysia and so on. If there isn’t, it will be the fake. SFP transceivers can be divided into two kinds, single-mode module and multimode ones, physical state is the same with different models on the logo. GLC-LH-SM is single mode, GLC-SX-MM is multimode, for example, see this model, GLC-LH-SM =, "=" means it is the separately purchad accessory to procurement. The general price is currently quoted at $ 1495 and $ 750 in U.S. sales, in China mainland it is around 2000 to 4000 RMB. Currently, modules after the year of 2010 is mostly the new products with different size, shape as well as the shape.
Source: cisco 1000base-sx gigabit ethernet sfp
2013年3月15日星期五
How to Choose Fiber Optic Cable
Most customers are not familiar with fiber optic cabling technology, which makes them to buy the right fiber optic cables for target applications very difficult. The following text describes the methods of identifying several common identifying methods for fiber optic cables, that will help you make right decision when buy fiber optic cable.
1.Cable jacket: Indoor fiber optic cables generally use poly ethylene recorded or flame retardant poly recorded ethylene appearance should be smooth and shiny, with a flexible, easy to peel. Poor low-quality fiber optic cable’s sheathes are poor finished, and easily adhere with sleeve and Kevlar
PE sheath of outdoor fiber optic cable should be high quality black polyethylene, after cabling the skin is smooth, shiny, uniform thickness, no bubbles. Poor-quality fiber optic cable’ sheath is generally produced using recycled materials, this cable’ skin is coarse, due to many impurities within the raw material, you will find a lot of very fine small pits, it will crack or become water seepage after a period's laying.
2.Optical fibers: Some standard fiber optic cable manufacturer often use the A-level core from top vendors, while the low-cost low-quality fiber optic cables are commonly produced by C-Class, D-grade optical fiber and unsolicited smuggling optical fiber, these fibers are complex sources, with the long factory time, which is already damp and discoloration, often mixed with single-mode fiber and multimode fiber. Some small factories lack the necessary testing equipment, and can not make a judgment of the quality of the optical fiber.
3.Strengthen steel wire: Steel wires of the formal outdoor fiber optic cable manufacturers are phosphated, surface is gray, this makes it will not increase the hydrogen loss, no rust, high strength. Low-quality fiber optic cable is generally replaced with thin wire or aluminum wire Identification method is simple: white appearance, easily be bent, cables with this kinds of steel are high loss of hydrogen, a long time, the two ends for hanging fiber optic closures are more likely to be rust and cracked.
4.Steel armor: The formal manufacturing enterprises using double-sided brush vertical bandage pattern of anti-rust coating steel strip, low-quality fiber optic cable is ordinary iron, usually only one, anti-rust treatment.
5.Loose Tube: Loose tube fiber optic cables are installed with PBT materials, so the casing is strength, no deformation, anti-aging. Low-quality fiber optic cable is usually made with the PVC for the casing, this casing diameter is thin and easily to be pinched to flat.
6.Fiber paste: Outdoor fiber optic cables fiber cream can prevent fiber oxidation, damp due to water vapor, the inferior fiber optical fiber use only a few fiber cream, seriously affect the life of the optical fiber.
7.Aramid: Also named Mingkaifula, is a high-strength chemical fiber, widely used by the military-industrial. Currently only produced in DuPont and the Netherlands, Akzotion, the price is extremely high. Indoor fiber optic cable and overhead power cables (ADSS) use Aramids as strength member, due to the high cost of Kevlar, the poor quality indoor cable outer diameter is very small.
Source: Choosing Fiber Optic Cable
1.Cable jacket: Indoor fiber optic cables generally use poly ethylene recorded or flame retardant poly recorded ethylene appearance should be smooth and shiny, with a flexible, easy to peel. Poor low-quality fiber optic cable’s sheathes are poor finished, and easily adhere with sleeve and Kevlar
PE sheath of outdoor fiber optic cable should be high quality black polyethylene, after cabling the skin is smooth, shiny, uniform thickness, no bubbles. Poor-quality fiber optic cable’ sheath is generally produced using recycled materials, this cable’ skin is coarse, due to many impurities within the raw material, you will find a lot of very fine small pits, it will crack or become water seepage after a period's laying.
2.Optical fibers: Some standard fiber optic cable manufacturer often use the A-level core from top vendors, while the low-cost low-quality fiber optic cables are commonly produced by C-Class, D-grade optical fiber and unsolicited smuggling optical fiber, these fibers are complex sources, with the long factory time, which is already damp and discoloration, often mixed with single-mode fiber and multimode fiber. Some small factories lack the necessary testing equipment, and can not make a judgment of the quality of the optical fiber.
3.Strengthen steel wire: Steel wires of the formal outdoor fiber optic cable manufacturers are phosphated, surface is gray, this makes it will not increase the hydrogen loss, no rust, high strength. Low-quality fiber optic cable is generally replaced with thin wire or aluminum wire Identification method is simple: white appearance, easily be bent, cables with this kinds of steel are high loss of hydrogen, a long time, the two ends for hanging fiber optic closures are more likely to be rust and cracked.
4.Steel armor: The formal manufacturing enterprises using double-sided brush vertical bandage pattern of anti-rust coating steel strip, low-quality fiber optic cable is ordinary iron, usually only one, anti-rust treatment.
5.Loose Tube: Loose tube fiber optic cables are installed with PBT materials, so the casing is strength, no deformation, anti-aging. Low-quality fiber optic cable is usually made with the PVC for the casing, this casing diameter is thin and easily to be pinched to flat.
6.Fiber paste: Outdoor fiber optic cables fiber cream can prevent fiber oxidation, damp due to water vapor, the inferior fiber optical fiber use only a few fiber cream, seriously affect the life of the optical fiber.
7.Aramid: Also named Mingkaifula, is a high-strength chemical fiber, widely used by the military-industrial. Currently only produced in DuPont and the Netherlands, Akzotion, the price is extremely high. Indoor fiber optic cable and overhead power cables (ADSS) use Aramids as strength member, due to the high cost of Kevlar, the poor quality indoor cable outer diameter is very small.
Source: Choosing Fiber Optic Cable
2013年3月14日星期四
XFP Transceiver Module Basic
XFP transceiver is a hot-swappable optical transceiver, independent of the communication protocol, usually the size is 850nm, 1310nm or 1550nm for the 10G bps SONET / SDH, Fibre Channel, gigabit Ethernet, 10 gigabit Ethernet and other applications, including DWDM link. XFP contains similar SFF-8472 digital diagnostic modules, but extended to provide a robust management tools. XFI electrical interface specification is part of the XFP Multi Source Agreement specifications. XFP developed by the XFP Multi Source Agreement Group.
Increasingly high degree of integration of the optical transceiver module, 10G Ethernet optical interface completely by an optical module. 10G optical modules include optical/electrical conversion, clock extraction and synchronization, and multiplexing/demultiplexing 64B/66B codec WIS codec of 8b/10b sub-function modules.
LIGHT READING magazine report shows 10G optical module will be the next few years, the most market potential for optical devices. Now used widely 10G optical module the following: 300pin Xenpak, Xpak, X2 and XFP . Which 300pin belongs to the first generation of modules, mainly used in SDH electrical interface changed can also be applied to 10G Ethernet 10G Ethernet 16 the interface (XSBI) after; Xenpak is the launch of the first generation of 10G Ethernet optical module using the standard IEEE 802.3ae 10G additional unit interface (XAUI) as the data path; Xpak and X2 Xenpak optical modules directly improved version, about 40% smaller; XFP A compact, inexpensive optical modules, somewhat similar to the miniaturization of Gigabit Ethernet pluggable optical module (SFP).
Led manufacturers with the Xenpak camp to rival the United States Finisar Corporation, which unites about 10 companies, including system integrators, Brocade the Emulex, ONCiena, light module provider Finisar, JDSU, Sumitomo Electric, Tyco Electronics and chip manufacturer Broadcom, Maxim , Velio et XFP Multi-Source Agreement Organization (MSA) was established in March 2002. Compared with other optical module, XFP optical module is the the shape most compact cost is the lowest, and therefore has a great advantage. XFP has been following Xpak or X2 after a new generation of products, there are already many manufacturers have released XFP optical module products.
Compared to other optical module, XFP optical transceiver is not Transponder. The optical transceiver is actually just a photoelectric conversion device, only responsible for the completion of the optical / electrical signal conversion, other functions, such as multiplexing/demultiplexing, 64B/66B codec by the chip implementation of the circuit board. XFP optical module can easily achieve high port density applications, XFP occupied area of only the Xenpak the 20% of the printed circuit board (PCB), the power consumption is only 1.5 to 2 W, can be used to achieve up to 16-port line card.
XFP interface with the circuit board using the 10G serial circuit interface (XFI-). Now provided by the manufacturer XSBI-to-XFI and XAUI-to-XFI chip, the XGMII-to-XFI chip manufacturers in the development.
Because 10G XFP is just an optical transceiver, so has nothing to do with the protocol can be generally applied to 10G Ethernet 10GFC and OC-192 SDH, universality of application conducive to equipment manufacturers increase purchases, so as to achieve the purpose of reducing costs. Addition, XFP provides a two-wire serial interface, can achieve the data diagnosis function, real-time monitoring of the optical module of various parameters, such as temperature, the laser bias current, transmitted light power, the received optical power, working voltage, etc..
Source: XFP Transceiver Module
Increasingly high degree of integration of the optical transceiver module, 10G Ethernet optical interface completely by an optical module. 10G optical modules include optical/electrical conversion, clock extraction and synchronization, and multiplexing/demultiplexing 64B/66B codec WIS codec of 8b/10b sub-function modules.
LIGHT READING magazine report shows 10G optical module will be the next few years, the most market potential for optical devices. Now used widely 10G optical module the following: 300pin Xenpak, Xpak, X2 and XFP . Which 300pin belongs to the first generation of modules, mainly used in SDH electrical interface changed can also be applied to 10G Ethernet 10G Ethernet 16 the interface (XSBI) after; Xenpak is the launch of the first generation of 10G Ethernet optical module using the standard IEEE 802.3ae 10G additional unit interface (XAUI) as the data path; Xpak and X2 Xenpak optical modules directly improved version, about 40% smaller; XFP A compact, inexpensive optical modules, somewhat similar to the miniaturization of Gigabit Ethernet pluggable optical module (SFP).
Led manufacturers with the Xenpak camp to rival the United States Finisar Corporation, which unites about 10 companies, including system integrators, Brocade the Emulex, ONCiena, light module provider Finisar, JDSU, Sumitomo Electric, Tyco Electronics and chip manufacturer Broadcom, Maxim , Velio et XFP Multi-Source Agreement Organization (MSA) was established in March 2002. Compared with other optical module, XFP optical module is the the shape most compact cost is the lowest, and therefore has a great advantage. XFP has been following Xpak or X2 after a new generation of products, there are already many manufacturers have released XFP optical module products.
Compared to other optical module, XFP optical transceiver is not Transponder. The optical transceiver is actually just a photoelectric conversion device, only responsible for the completion of the optical / electrical signal conversion, other functions, such as multiplexing/demultiplexing, 64B/66B codec by the chip implementation of the circuit board. XFP optical module can easily achieve high port density applications, XFP occupied area of only the Xenpak the 20% of the printed circuit board (PCB), the power consumption is only 1.5 to 2 W, can be used to achieve up to 16-port line card.
XFP interface with the circuit board using the 10G serial circuit interface (XFI-). Now provided by the manufacturer XSBI-to-XFI and XAUI-to-XFI chip, the XGMII-to-XFI chip manufacturers in the development.
Because 10G XFP is just an optical transceiver, so has nothing to do with the protocol can be generally applied to 10G Ethernet 10GFC and OC-192 SDH, universality of application conducive to equipment manufacturers increase purchases, so as to achieve the purpose of reducing costs. Addition, XFP provides a two-wire serial interface, can achieve the data diagnosis function, real-time monitoring of the optical module of various parameters, such as temperature, the laser bias current, transmitted light power, the received optical power, working voltage, etc..
Source: XFP Transceiver Module
2013年3月13日星期三
Optical Transceiver Module Definition, Types and Parameter
Fiber optic transceiver definition:
Fiber optic transceiver is an important device in the optical fiber communication systems, which can be performed between the photoelectric signal conversion, with the receiving and transmitting functions. The fiber optic module is typically composed by the optoelectronic devices, the functional circuit and the optical interface, the optoelectronic device includes a transmitter and receiver in two parts.
Classification of fiber optic modules:
In accordance with the rate min: 100Base (Fast Ethernet applications), 1000Base (Gigabit) 10GESDH applications 155M, 622M, 2.5G, 10G.
According to the package: 1 × 9, SFF, SFP, GBIC, XENPAK, XFP, 1 × 9 package – welding optical module, the general speed is not higher than gigabit, most SC interface. SFF package – welding small package optical modules, general speed is not higher than gigabit, LC interface. SF (SmallFormFactor) small package optical modules using advanced precision optics and integrated circuit technology, size is only half of the ordinary duplex SC (1X9)-type optical transceiver module, doubling the number of optical ports in the same space. GBIC Package – hot-swappable Gigabit Interface optical module, SC connector. GBIC is the abbreviation of Giga Bitrate Interface Converter. The interface devices that convert Gigabit electrical signals to optical signals. SFP package – hot-plug small package module, currently the highest data rate of up to 4G, the use of LC interface, SFP can be considered as an upgraded version of GBIC. XENPAK package for Gigabit Ethernet application, using SC interface, XFP package – 10G optical modules that can be used in Gigabit Ethernet, SONET and other systems, with LC interface.
Main parameters of the fiber optic transceiver:
TxLOP: Optical Average Power: average transmission optical power refers to the signal logic of 1 of the light power and the arithmetic mean value of 0 of the light power. P0 + P1 PAVG = 2 (dBm).
ER: Extinction Ratio: signal logic as 1 when the light power is 0 when the optical power of the size of the ratio of the calculation formula as: P1ER = 10log P0 (dB) of ER represents the extinction ratio, dB, P1 of and P0 respectively represent the logic 1 and 0 when the optical power.
Receiver Sensitivity: to measure minimum average optical power received by the receiving side is required to guarantee a certain bit error rate (1 × 10exp (-12)), in units of dBm. Error rate refers to the longer period of time, after The error symbol number and error detector output terminal received in the receiving side of the photoelectric conversion ratio of the number of symbols is given.
LOS Assert and LOS Dessert: The receiver output to an electrical signal, the the potential height reflects received by the receiver of the light signal intensity is sufficient, this potential with a preset potential in order to determine the light whether the signal is lost. potential comparison using a comparator with hysteresis effect to achieve, usually as by default the optical power of the electrical signal corresponding instructions, in units of dBm.
EMM: Eye Mask Margin: means eye amplitude in the optimum sampling point. “Open” the extent of the degree of opening of the eye diagram of the distortion-free should be 100 [[%]] The eye diagram template tolerance refers to the eye diagram template expansion, until the eye diagram of the sampling point to enter to the expansion of the region the template’s largest expansion percentage.
Ingellen Technology supplies a complete range of fiber optic network transceiver modules, well come to www.ingellen.com.
Source: Fiber Optic Basic Knowledge by Ingellen
Fiber optic transceiver is an important device in the optical fiber communication systems, which can be performed between the photoelectric signal conversion, with the receiving and transmitting functions. The fiber optic module is typically composed by the optoelectronic devices, the functional circuit and the optical interface, the optoelectronic device includes a transmitter and receiver in two parts.
Classification of fiber optic modules:
In accordance with the rate min: 100Base (Fast Ethernet applications), 1000Base (Gigabit) 10GESDH applications 155M, 622M, 2.5G, 10G.
According to the package: 1 × 9, SFF, SFP, GBIC, XENPAK, XFP, 1 × 9 package – welding optical module, the general speed is not higher than gigabit, most SC interface. SFF package – welding small package optical modules, general speed is not higher than gigabit, LC interface. SF (SmallFormFactor) small package optical modules using advanced precision optics and integrated circuit technology, size is only half of the ordinary duplex SC (1X9)-type optical transceiver module, doubling the number of optical ports in the same space. GBIC Package – hot-swappable Gigabit Interface optical module, SC connector. GBIC is the abbreviation of Giga Bitrate Interface Converter. The interface devices that convert Gigabit electrical signals to optical signals. SFP package – hot-plug small package module, currently the highest data rate of up to 4G, the use of LC interface, SFP can be considered as an upgraded version of GBIC. XENPAK package for Gigabit Ethernet application, using SC interface, XFP package – 10G optical modules that can be used in Gigabit Ethernet, SONET and other systems, with LC interface.
Main parameters of the fiber optic transceiver:
TxLOP: Optical Average Power: average transmission optical power refers to the signal logic of 1 of the light power and the arithmetic mean value of 0 of the light power. P0 + P1 PAVG = 2 (dBm).
ER: Extinction Ratio: signal logic as 1 when the light power is 0 when the optical power of the size of the ratio of the calculation formula as: P1ER = 10log P0 (dB) of ER represents the extinction ratio, dB, P1 of and P0 respectively represent the logic 1 and 0 when the optical power.
Receiver Sensitivity: to measure minimum average optical power received by the receiving side is required to guarantee a certain bit error rate (1 × 10exp (-12)), in units of dBm. Error rate refers to the longer period of time, after The error symbol number and error detector output terminal received in the receiving side of the photoelectric conversion ratio of the number of symbols is given.
LOS Assert and LOS Dessert: The receiver output to an electrical signal, the the potential height reflects received by the receiver of the light signal intensity is sufficient, this potential with a preset potential in order to determine the light whether the signal is lost. potential comparison using a comparator with hysteresis effect to achieve, usually as by default the optical power of the electrical signal corresponding instructions, in units of dBm.
EMM: Eye Mask Margin: means eye amplitude in the optimum sampling point. “Open” the extent of the degree of opening of the eye diagram of the distortion-free should be 100 [[%]] The eye diagram template tolerance refers to the eye diagram template expansion, until the eye diagram of the sampling point to enter to the expansion of the region the template’s largest expansion percentage.
Ingellen Technology supplies a complete range of fiber optic network transceiver modules, well come to www.ingellen.com.
Source: Fiber Optic Basic Knowledge by Ingellen
2013年3月11日星期一
Lifetime of the Fiber Optic Patch Cable and Fiber Optic TransceiverFiber Optic Patch Cable and Fiber Optic Transceiver
This is an article introducing tow of the important fiber optic equipments, fiber patch cable and optical transceiver.
As the staff working for fiber optic telecommunication project, you must be very interested in the working life of fiber optic patch cable and optical transceiver. In the next text, I will introduce their working lifetime for you.
Fiber patch cable, or fiber jumper is the most used fiber optic cable plant equipments in the modern communications industry. Due to its long connection distance, low inset loss, good reproducibility and less return loss. It is able to support multiple devices work with features of interfix performance, not heat, good temperature stability. Fiber jumpers apply to cable networks, telecommunications networks, computer fiber optic network and optical test equipment.
Due to maintenance needs of transferring fiber optic jumper and normal testing, fiber optic connectors is always to be plugged. This makes the plug life the maximum pluggable times. This leads. This problem is proposed based on the premise that: fiber optic connectors, under normal working conditions, by the provisions of the number of mating, each component mechanical damage, the additional loss does not exceed the limit value (usually the limit of the provisions of 0.2 dB). The optical connector plug life is generally determined by the mechanical wear of the components. Optical fiber connector plug life can generally achieve greater than l000, the additional loss does not exceed 0.2dB. To the optical connector using slotted ceramic coupling sleeve, since the ceramic material is present to crack growth, the static fatigue will cause the sleeve to rupture. According to the information, the unscreened such sleeve, 20-year probability of rupture are 10-4. If the screening test force increase 2.6 times, then in 20 years will not rupture.
Fiber optic transceiver, as one of the important optical fiber transmission equipments, the working lifetime are closely related with the optical modules insides. The average service life is about five years. The long-term use of fiber optic transceivers, after five years, the main device, optical module, will not working properly because of the loss is too large and the laser damage.
Source from: Life of the Fiber Optic Patch Cable and Fiber Optic Transceiver
As the staff working for fiber optic telecommunication project, you must be very interested in the working life of fiber optic patch cable and optical transceiver. In the next text, I will introduce their working lifetime for you.
Fiber patch cable, or fiber jumper is the most used fiber optic cable plant equipments in the modern communications industry. Due to its long connection distance, low inset loss, good reproducibility and less return loss. It is able to support multiple devices work with features of interfix performance, not heat, good temperature stability. Fiber jumpers apply to cable networks, telecommunications networks, computer fiber optic network and optical test equipment.
Due to maintenance needs of transferring fiber optic jumper and normal testing, fiber optic connectors is always to be plugged. This makes the plug life the maximum pluggable times. This leads. This problem is proposed based on the premise that: fiber optic connectors, under normal working conditions, by the provisions of the number of mating, each component mechanical damage, the additional loss does not exceed the limit value (usually the limit of the provisions of 0.2 dB). The optical connector plug life is generally determined by the mechanical wear of the components. Optical fiber connector plug life can generally achieve greater than l000, the additional loss does not exceed 0.2dB. To the optical connector using slotted ceramic coupling sleeve, since the ceramic material is present to crack growth, the static fatigue will cause the sleeve to rupture. According to the information, the unscreened such sleeve, 20-year probability of rupture are 10-4. If the screening test force increase 2.6 times, then in 20 years will not rupture.
Fiber optic transceiver, as one of the important optical fiber transmission equipments, the working lifetime are closely related with the optical modules insides. The average service life is about five years. The long-term use of fiber optic transceivers, after five years, the main device, optical module, will not working properly because of the loss is too large and the laser damage.
Source from: Life of the Fiber Optic Patch Cable and Fiber Optic Transceiver
Types of Fiber Optics for Different Application
The application of the fiber optic-optic network is more widely used, however, to note that, in the face of the different application requirements, the use of optical fiber optic is also a requirement of the strict distinction. The practical application of the optical fiber optic in a variety of optical network determines the performance of fiber optic-optic technology. The different optical fiber optics of the fiber optic networks uses different application technology.
Transmission fiber optic
Application of the optical fiber in the transmission system, first it is realized through a variety of different optical network. Up to now, the construction of a variety of fiber optic-optic transmission network topology can basically be divided into three categories: star, bus and ring. Further from the network hierarchical mold shape, and can the network from top to bottom is divided into several layers, each layer can be divided into several subnets. That is, the network and network constituted by each of the switching center and its transmission system can also continue oriented divided into several smaller subnets, so that the entire digital network can effectively communication service, the entire digitized integrated services digital network ( ISDN) is the overall goal of the communication network. Increasing the popularity of ADSL and CATV, metro access system capacity trunk backbone network expansion needs to take on different types of fiber optic optic transmission important task.
The dispersion-compensating fiber optic (DCF)
Fiber optic dispersion can make the pulse broadening, and cause bit errors. This is a subject of the need to solve a problem that must be avoided in the communication network, but also the long-distance transmission system. Generally speaking, the fiber optic dispersion, including the two parts of the dispersion of the material dispersion and the waveguide structure, dispersion, depending on the manufacture of silica optical fiber optic mother material and dopant material dispersion and waveguide dispersion is typically a pattern of the effective refractive index with wavelength change tendency. The dispersion compensating optical fiber optic is used in the transmission system to solve a dispersion management techniques.
Amplifying optical fiber optic
Can be made of rare earth-doped silica fiber optic core within the amplifying fiber optic, such as erbium-doped amplifying optical fiber optic (EDF), thulium-doped amplifying fiber optic (TOF), etc., Amplification fiber optic and traditional quartz optical fiber optic has a good integration of performance, but also has a high output, wide bandwidth, low noise, and many other advantages. Made of optical fiber optic amplifier (EDFA) in the amplifying fiber optic is the most widely used in the current transmission system key device. EDF amplification bandwidth from the C-band (1530 1560nm) extended to the L-band (1570 1610), the amplification bandwidth of 80nm. The latest research results show that the EDF is also available in the S-band (1460 1530), optical amplification, and induction Raman fiber optic amplifiers manufactured in the S-band amplification.
Continuous wave (SC) occurs with fiber optic
The supercontinuum wave is the the spectrum phenomenon of ultra-wideband transmission bright light pulses in a transparent medium. Widespread concern by the industry as the new generation of multi-carrier light source. From the 1970 Alfano and shapiro observed in the large-capacity glass ultra-broadband light since, it has already observed in the optical fiber optic, a semiconductor material, water, and other diverse substances ultra broadband light occurs.
Optical devices with optical fiber optic
With a large number of optical communication network construction and expansion, active and passive components usage increasing. The most widely used fiber optic-type devices, the main optical fiber optic amplifier, optical fiber optic coupler, optical wave combiner fiber optic grating (FG), AWG. The above optical devices must have low loss, high reliability, easy low loss coupling and connection can be used in the communication network and communication optical fiber optic. So on R & D to produce the FG fiber optic and devices coupled with fiber optic (LP fiber optic).
Polarization maintaining fiber optic
The earliest polarization maintaining fiber optic for coherent optical transmission fiber optic to be developed. Since then, the field of fiber optic optic sensor technology for FOG. In recent years, due to the increase in the number of DWDM transmission system in the WDM and the speed of development, the polarization maintaining fiber optic has been more widely applied. Currently the most widely Panda fiber optic (PANDA).
Ingellen Technology specialized in providing a variety of fiber optic equipments, well come to contact us.
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Transmission fiber optic
Application of the optical fiber in the transmission system, first it is realized through a variety of different optical network. Up to now, the construction of a variety of fiber optic-optic transmission network topology can basically be divided into three categories: star, bus and ring. Further from the network hierarchical mold shape, and can the network from top to bottom is divided into several layers, each layer can be divided into several subnets. That is, the network and network constituted by each of the switching center and its transmission system can also continue oriented divided into several smaller subnets, so that the entire digital network can effectively communication service, the entire digitized integrated services digital network ( ISDN) is the overall goal of the communication network. Increasing the popularity of ADSL and CATV, metro access system capacity trunk backbone network expansion needs to take on different types of fiber optic optic transmission important task.
The dispersion-compensating fiber optic (DCF)
Fiber optic dispersion can make the pulse broadening, and cause bit errors. This is a subject of the need to solve a problem that must be avoided in the communication network, but also the long-distance transmission system. Generally speaking, the fiber optic dispersion, including the two parts of the dispersion of the material dispersion and the waveguide structure, dispersion, depending on the manufacture of silica optical fiber optic mother material and dopant material dispersion and waveguide dispersion is typically a pattern of the effective refractive index with wavelength change tendency. The dispersion compensating optical fiber optic is used in the transmission system to solve a dispersion management techniques.
Amplifying optical fiber optic
Can be made of rare earth-doped silica fiber optic core within the amplifying fiber optic, such as erbium-doped amplifying optical fiber optic (EDF), thulium-doped amplifying fiber optic (TOF), etc., Amplification fiber optic and traditional quartz optical fiber optic has a good integration of performance, but also has a high output, wide bandwidth, low noise, and many other advantages. Made of optical fiber optic amplifier (EDFA) in the amplifying fiber optic is the most widely used in the current transmission system key device. EDF amplification bandwidth from the C-band (1530 1560nm) extended to the L-band (1570 1610), the amplification bandwidth of 80nm. The latest research results show that the EDF is also available in the S-band (1460 1530), optical amplification, and induction Raman fiber optic amplifiers manufactured in the S-band amplification.
Continuous wave (SC) occurs with fiber optic
The supercontinuum wave is the the spectrum phenomenon of ultra-wideband transmission bright light pulses in a transparent medium. Widespread concern by the industry as the new generation of multi-carrier light source. From the 1970 Alfano and shapiro observed in the large-capacity glass ultra-broadband light since, it has already observed in the optical fiber optic, a semiconductor material, water, and other diverse substances ultra broadband light occurs.
Optical devices with optical fiber optic
With a large number of optical communication network construction and expansion, active and passive components usage increasing. The most widely used fiber optic-type devices, the main optical fiber optic amplifier, optical fiber optic coupler, optical wave combiner fiber optic grating (FG), AWG. The above optical devices must have low loss, high reliability, easy low loss coupling and connection can be used in the communication network and communication optical fiber optic. So on R & D to produce the FG fiber optic and devices coupled with fiber optic (LP fiber optic).
Polarization maintaining fiber optic
The earliest polarization maintaining fiber optic for coherent optical transmission fiber optic to be developed. Since then, the field of fiber optic optic sensor technology for FOG. In recent years, due to the increase in the number of DWDM transmission system in the WDM and the speed of development, the polarization maintaining fiber optic has been more widely applied. Currently the most widely Panda fiber optic (PANDA).
Ingellen Technology specialized in providing a variety of fiber optic equipments, well come to contact us.
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